Film And Animation History 1905-1915
James Stuart Blackton (USA/UK)
(Born Jan5, 1875, Sheffield, Yorkshire, England- died August 13 1941, Hollywood)
James was a U.S. film director and also produced. He introduced animation and early film techniques that helped shape and stimulate the development of cinematic art. He has also interviewed Thomas Alba Edison in 1895. His first film was The Burglar on the Roof(1897) got popularity which made Blackton a millionaire.
Some of his widely known movies are Sherlock Holmes, Oliver Twist, Salome, Richelieu, Moses and Saul, and David. Later he became the director, cameraman, director and one of the founders of animation.
Humorous Phases of Funny faces, a short film featuring animation by J.Stuart Blackton
This video shows a perfect character animation that was manually drawn by hands. He has drwan some male and female characters carried by a clown playing with dog and his hat. Piano melody can be heard in the background of this video which seems very interesting.
Emile Cohl (France)
A french animator and a caricaturist who was born in January 1857-January 20, 1938) Along with John Stuart Blackton, they formed the foundatioons of the medium in the early 1900s. His animated cartoons are very genuine and is considered as first animator. He gave the concept of adapting comic strip into a regular animated film series. Himself mades a few comics at that time.
His film Fantasmagorie 1908 is considered as the world's first fully animated film.
Cohl will always be remebered for his work in animation. He has inspired earlyu animators like Winsor McCay, Raoul Barre, John Randolph Bray and Paul Grimault.
Martin Thornton (UK)
His films are basically combined with stop motion and live action shots. The origin of first colour animated film which was made with Kinemacolor process was developed by Thorton. Due to limitations and expenses, the system where filter mechanism in the camera exposing frames through color filters are used couldn't be carried out further.
He created In Golliwog's Land (1912)
Winsor McCay
He was born around 1867 and died in 1934 at the age of 67.
Mccay was an American newspaper cartoonist and a pioneer of animated films. He began to work as a poster and billboard artist for Chicago Company at the age of 21. He has created two successful comic strips namely Little Sammy Sneeze and Dream of the Rarebit Friend.
Dream of the Rarebit Fiend by Winsor McCay.
As a self-taught animator, his work has realistic use of perspective, precise lines and intricate designs( having lots of small details which are arranged in a complicated way.) He is also considered as one of the first animators to preview, test and refine the flow of drawings before filming them.
Gertie the dinosaur: fluently drawn animation made out of 10 thousand hand drawings with live action looks
Ladislaw Starewicz ( Russia)(1882-1965)
As a self-taught filmmaker, he has filmed over one hundred movies in Russia and France, which began to stare at the 20th century continuing until his death in 1965. He was a very skilled puppeteer who liked to play with imagination and create interesting films. He got popularity for making embalmed insects the star of his films. He separated the leg and other body parts for different body pose and later reattached with wax.
was a highly successful film at that time which got popularity all around the world.
The Beautiful Leukanida(1910), directed by Ladislaw Starewicz
The Cameraman's Revenge(1912) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=U424m8utJnA
Reference:
Hencar Productions. (2019). Camera Dolly & Jib | Video Production Services | Hencar Productions. [online] Available at: http://hencar.com/processes/production/dolly-and-jib/ [Accessed 26 May 2019].
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