World Animation 1920 to 1930
UK
George Studdy
In terms of commercialization of animation, Studdy is considered as the Pioneer.
Created cartoon strips for magazines, including The Sketch. Bonzo became one of his successful
Animation f a dog: smooth animation who messes up with kitchen plates.
France
Fernand Leger is his full name
created The Mechanical Ballet(1924): Intense sound with unusual sound music, shows some cut and pasted footages over top of each other was more like a Soviet montage.
Germany
Walther Ruttmann
He formulated a theory of abstract cinema that described as "Painting with me"
Cool color effects transition from one to another somehow reacts to the music. was more like a screen saver. the animation has the meditative capability, it does not have to be always cartoon and film.
Video link: Mostly monochromatic film style is used, Generally, character and foreground element remains the same with only black color.
Lotte Reiniger
Cinderella (Aschenputtel): mostly animation are carried out using paper cutting methods to show stop motion animation
Hans Richter:
Pan and zoom effects mostly applied to the geometrically shaped object like square, rectangle.considered as early abstract and experimental film.
Video link: I find it very impressive and creative. Though it has no story and anything to tell, the effects and transitions are simply good. In the early days there were no good cameras and popular software.so, his work might have taken lots of effort.
World Animation
1930-1950
France/ Russia
Ladislaw Starewicz
One of his first full feature animated film The Tale of the Fox, made in 1930 which took 10 years to make. This film is based on the tales of Renard the Fox. This film had some major issues on adding soundtracks but later on, the funding was given for a German soundtrack bu the UFA.
The movie features Starewicz signature animation style where the human-like animals wear clothes and stand upright. The movie was premiered in Belin in 1937 and the soundtrack came from the nazi regime of Germany, But lately, it released the French soundtrack in 1941. Most of the story was based in Dutch and French Folk tales. During this time period, an anti-Semitic version of the story was published in Holland in 1937 which may have attracted interest in the film from Nazi Germany.
France/ Czech Republic
Berthold Bartosch
Born on December 29, 1893, in Polaum, Bohemia. Best known for his work n Animated Cards, the Battle of Skagerrak, The occupation of the Rhineland. He has worked with Lotte Reiniger on the Adventures of Prince Achmed and other cartoons such as Animated Cards(1919) and the Occupation of the Rhineland(1925). He showed that animation could also be presented in a poetic way and in a dimensionally great art form.
He also experimented with animated film techniques in the 30s and got popularity for his symbolic short cartoon LIdee(1932). Though the video seems simple in a rough way this was considered revolutionary at that time.
LIdee(1932)
Storyline: When a liberal idea emerges in a tyranny ruled society, power and we
In 1930, Bartisch moved to Paris and made The Idea based on a book of stylised woodcuts by Frans Masereel. His film consists of cutout drawings on numerous levels of glass and gains soft lighting effects by backlighting and smearing the glass with soap. In the short film LIdee(1932) the story is more about a small naked female figure appearing which was conceived by the idea of a dreamer.
This film was only seen by a small number of people.
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